| 1997 | - | The synthetic modeling of language origins - Steels | :: | 123 |
| 1997 | - | The Evolution of Communication - Hauser | :: | 88 |
| 1992 | - | Evolution of Communication in Artificial Organisms - Werner,Dyer | :: | 82 |
| 1998 | - | The emergence of a language in an evolving population of neural networks - Cangelosi,Parisi | :: | 64 |
| 1997 | - | Learning and the emergence of coordinated communication - Oliphant,Batali | :: | 61 |
| 1990 | - | The selfish gene - Dawkins | :: | 54 |
| 1995 | - | How to invent a lexicon: the development of shared symbols in interaction - Hutchins,Hazlehurst | :: | 53 |
| 1998 | - | Synthesising the Origins of Language and Meaning Using Co-evolution, Self-organisation and Level formation - Steels | :: | 49 |
| 1996 | - | Perceptually Grounded Meaning Creation - Steels | :: | 47 |
| 1993 | - | Synthetic Ethology and the Evolution of Cooperative Communication - MacLennan,Burghardt | :: | 40 |
| 1994 | - | Altruism in the evolution of communication - Ackley,Littman | :: | 39 |
| 1984 | - | Animal signals: mind-reading and manipulation - Krebs,Dawkins | :: | 25 |
| 1997 | - | An Artificial Life Approach to Language - Parisi | :: | 16 |
| 1996 | - | An introduction to genetic algorithms - Mitchell | :: | 13 |
| 1995 | - | The evolution of understanding: a genetic algorithm model of the evolution of communication - Levin | :: | 13 |
| 1997 | - | Too many love songs: Sexual selection and the evolution of communication - Werner,Todd | :: | 13 |
| 1996 | - | On simulating the evolution of communication - Noble,Cliff | :: | 12 |
| 1984 | - | Vehicles: Experiments in synthetic psychology - Braitenberg | :: | 10 |
| 1995 | - | Small Signaling Systems can Evolve in the Absence of Benefit to the Information Sender - Batali | :: | 9 |
| 1977 | - | The behavior of communicating - Smith | :: | 9 |
| 1987 | - | Understanding computers and cognition - Winograd,Flores | :: | 6 |
| 1987 | - | Pengi: An implementation of a theory of activity - Agre,Chapman | :: | 5 |
| 1995 | - | Hidden order: How adaptation builds complexity - Holland | :: | 5 |
| 1982 | - | Evolution and the theory of games - Smith | :: | 5 |
| 1989 | - | Co-operative and non-co-operative bases of food-calling - Newman,Caraco | :: | 4 |
| 1998 | - | Animal vocal communication: A new approach - Owings,Morton | :: | 3 |
| 1975 | - | Animal Behavior: An evolutionary approach - Alcock | :: | 3 |
| 1993 | - | Animal Behavior: An evolutionary approach - Alcock | :: | 3 |
| 1996 | - | The development of alarm-call response behaviour in free-living juvenile Belding's ground squirrels - Mateo | :: | 3 |
| 1986 | - | House sparrows establish foraging flocks by giving chirrup calls if the resources are divisible - Elgar | :: | 2 |
| 1997 | - | Learning signaling behaviors and specialization in cooperative agents - Murciano,Murciano | :: | 2 |
| 1991 | - | Semantic information distinguishing individual predators in the alarm calls of Gunnison's prairie dogs - Slobodchikoff,Kiriazis,Fischer,Creef | :: | 2 |
| 1981 | - | Food finding in black-capped chickadees: Altruistic communication - Ficken | :: | 2 |
| 1995 | - | Sex difference in signature whistle production of free-ranging bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus - Sayigh,Tyack,Wells,Scott,Irvine | :: | 2 |
| 1994 | - | Bioland: A massively parallel simulation environment for evolving distributed forms of intelligent behavior - Werner,Dyer | :: | 2 |
| 1994 | - | Toward Synthesizing Artificial Neural Networks that Exhibit Cooperative Intelligent Behavior: Some Open Issues in Artificial Life - Dyer | :: | 2 |
| 1999 | - | On the evolution of delayed recruitment to food bonanzas - Mesterton-Gibbons,Dugatkin | :: | 2 |
| 1996 | - | Adaptive individuals in evolving populations - Belew,Mitchell | :: | 2 |
| 1981 | - | Alarm communication in Belding's ground squirrels - Robinson | :: | 1 |
| 1987 | - | Soar: An architecture for general intelligence - Laird,Newell,Rosenbloom | :: | 1 |
| 1996 | - | Selective costs and benefits in the evolution of learning - Johnson | :: | 1 |
| 1993 | - | Variation among mammalian alarm call systems - Macedonia,Evans | :: | 1 |
| 1999 | - | Stigmergy, self-organization, and sorting in collective robotics - Holland,Melhuish | :: | 1 |
| 1997 | - | Chemical communication in social insects - Holldobler | :: | 1 |
| 1992 | - | Contrasting effects of protective and obstructive cover on avian vigilance - Lazarus,Symonds | :: | 1 |
| 1986 | - | A game between communcal breeders: When is food-sharing stable - Caraco,Brown | :: | 1 |
| 1991 | - | Walker's mammals of the world - Nowak | :: | 1 |
| 1997 | - | This is biology: The science of the living world - Mayr | :: | 1 |
| 1997 | - | Specialization in multi-agent systems through learning - Murciano,Murciano,Zamora | :: | 1 |
| 1997 | - | Avian desert predators - Cook | :: | 1 |
| 1994 | - | Origins of domain specificity: The evolution of functional organization - Cosmides,Tooby | :: | 1 |
| 1984 | - | Acoustic behavior of birds and mammals in the predator context - Klump,Shalter | :: | 1 |
| 1996 | - | Latent energy environments - Belew,Menczer | :: | 1 |
| 1990 | - | Honey bee cognition - Gould | :: | 1 |
| 1997 | - | Survival strategies: Cooperation and conflict in animal societies - Gadagkar | :: | 1 |
| 1996 | - | Catching ourselves in the act - Hendriks-Jansen | :: | 1 |
| 1999 | - | Sedentary life style of neotropical sedge wrens promotes song imitation - Kroodsma,Kroodsma,Vielliard | :: | 1 |
| 1991 | - | The trials of life: Hunting and escaping - Attenborough | :: | 1 |
| 1994 | - | Journey to the ants - Holldobler,Wilson | :: | 1 |
| 1976 | - | Optimal foraging, the marginal value theorem - Charnov | :: | 1 |