| Back,Schwefel, An overview of evolutionary algorithms for parameter optimization, 1993 | :: | 1 |
| Batali, Innate biases and critical periods: Combining evolution and learning in the acquisition of syntax, 1994 | :: | 46 |
| Batali, Small Signaling Systems can Evolve in the Absence of Benefit to the Information Sender, 1995 | :: | 9 |
| Batali, Computational simulations of the emergence of grammar, 1998 | :: | 99 |
| Batali, The negotiation and acquisition of recursive grammars as a result of competition among exemplars, 2002 | :: | 66 |
| Bengio,Simard,Frasconi, Learning long-term dependencies with gradient descent is difficult, 1994 | :: | 1 |
| Bickerton, Creole languages, 1983 | :: | 1 |
| Bickerton, Language and Species, 1990 | :: | 87 |
| Blair,Pollack, Analysis of dynamical recognizers, 1997 | :: | 2 |
| Blum,Rivest, Training a 3-node neural network is NP-complete, 1992 | :: | 1 |
| Bod,Blair, Learning to predict a context-free language: Analysis of dynamics in recurrent hidden units, 1999 | :: | 1 |
| Briscoe, Language as a Complex Adaptive System: Coevolution of Language and of the Language Acquisition Device, 1998 | :: | 15 |
| Briscoe, Macro and micro models of linguistic evolution, 2000 | :: | 4 |
| Cangelosi,Parisi, The emergence of a language in an evolving population of neural networks, 1998 | :: | 64 |
| Cangelosi, Evolution of communication and language using signals, symbols, and words, 2001 | :: | 27 |
| Casey, The dynamics of discrete-time computation, with application to recurrent neural networks and finite state machine extraction, 1996 | :: | 1 |
| Chalmers, Why Fodor and Pylyshyn were wrong: The simplest refutation, 1990 | :: | 2 |
| Chalup,Blair, Hill climbing in recurrent neural networks for learning the a n b n c n language, 1999 | :: | 1 |
| Chomsky, Three models for the description of language, 1956 | :: | 12 |
| Chomsky, Syntactic Structures, 1957 | :: | 40 |
| Chomsky, Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, 1965 | :: | 88 |
| Chomsky, Lectures on Government and Binding, 1981 | :: | 37 |
| Chomsky, Knowledge of Language, 1986 | :: | 23 |
| Christiansen,Chater,Seidenberg, Connectionist models of human language processing: Progress and prospects, 1999 | :: | 1 |
| Christiansen,Chater, Generalization and connectionist language learning, 1994 | :: | 4 |
| Christiansen,Chater, Toward a connectionist model of recursion in human linguistic performance, 1999 | :: | 14 |
| Christiansen, Language as an organism -- implications for the evolution and acquisition of language, 1995 | :: | 2 |
| Cleeremans,Servan-Schreiber,McClelland, Finite state automata and simple recurrent networks, 1989 | :: | 5 |
| Cohen, On holy wars and a plea for peace, 1981 | :: | 1 |
| Darwin, The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, 1890 | :: | 25 |
| Deacon, The Symbolic Species: The Co-evolution of Language and the Brain, 1997 | :: | 142 |
| Elman, Finding structure in time, 1990 | :: | 49 |
| Elman, Distributed representations, simple recurrent networks, and grammatical structure, 1991 | :: | 18 |
| Elman, Learning and development in neural networks: The importance of starting small, 1993 | :: | 33 |
| Elman, Language as a dynamical system, 1995 | :: | 4 |
| Fodor,Pylyshyn, Connectionism and cognitive architecture: A critical analysis, 1988 | :: | 10 |
| Geman,Bienenstock,Doursat, Neural networks and the bias/variance dilemma, 1992 | :: | 5 |
| Gold, Language identification in the limit, 1967 | :: | 54 |
| Hadley,Hayward, Strong semantic systematicity from unsupervised connectionist learning, 1995 | :: | 1 |
| Hare,Elman, Learning and morphological change, 1995 | :: | 41 |
| Hashimoto,Ikegami, Communication Network of Symbolic Grammar Systems, 1995 | :: | 1 |
| Hashimoto,Ikegami, Emergence of net-grammar in communicating agents, 1996 | :: | 39 |
| Hurford,Studdert-Kennedy,Knight, Approaches to the Evolution of Language: Social and Cognitive Bases, 1998 | :: | 55 |
| Hurford, Biological evolution of the Saussurean sign as a component of the language acquisition device, 1989 | :: | 102 |
| Hutchins,Hazlehurst, How to invent a lexicon: the development of shared symbols in interaction, 1995 | :: | 53 |
| Jackendoff, X-bar syntax: A study of phrase structure, 1977 | :: | 2 |
| Jagota,Plate,Shastri,Sun, Connectionist symbol processing: Dead or alive, 1999 | :: | 1 |
| Kirby, Fitness and the selective adaptation of language, 1998 | :: | 33 |
| Kirby, Function, Selection and Innateness: the Emergence of Language Universals, 1999 | :: | 76 |
| Kirby, Syntax without Natural Selection: How compositionality emerges from vocabulary in a population of learners, 2000 | :: | 81 |
| Kirby, Spontaneous evolution of linguistic structure: an iterated learning model of the emergence of regularity and irregularity, 2001 | :: | 96 |
| Kirby, Learning, Bottlenecks and the Evolution of Recursive Syntax, 2002 | :: | 86 |
| Knight,Hurford,Studdert-Kennedy, The Evolutionary Emergence of Language: Social Function and the Origins of Linguistic Form, 2000 | :: | 33 |
| Kolen,Pollack, Back-propagation is sensitive to initial conditions, 1990 | :: | 4 |
| Lewis, Convention: A Philosophical Study, 1969 | :: | 15 |
| Maass,Orponen, On the effect of analog noise in discrete-time analog computations, 1998 | :: | 1 |
| Maass,Sontag, Analog neural nets with gaussian or other common noise distributions cannot recognize arbitrary regular languages, 1999 | :: | 1 |
| MacLennan,Burghardt, Synthetic Ethology and the Evolution of Cooperative Communication, 1993 | :: | 40 |
| McClelland,Rumelhart, Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, 1986 | :: | 3 |
| Moore, Dynamical recognizers: Real-time language recognition by analog computers, 1998 | :: | 3 |
| Newmeyer, Linguistic Theory in America, 1986 | :: | 2 |
| Newport, Maturational constraints on language learning, 1990 | :: | 17 |
| Niyogi,Berwick, The Logical Problem of Language Change, 1995 | :: | 26 |
| Niyogi,Berwick, A Dynamical Systems Model for Language Change, 1997 | :: | 17 |
| Noble,Davidson, Human Evolution, Language and Mind: A Psychological and Archaeological Inquiry, 1996 | :: | 1 |
| Nowak,Plotkin,Jansen, The evolution of syntactic communication, 2000 | :: | 81 |
| Oliphant,Batali, Learning and the emergence of coordinated communication, 1997 | :: | 61 |
| Oliphant, The learning barrier: Moving from innate to learned systems of communication, 1999 | :: | 42 |
| Pinker,Bloom, Natural language and natural selection, 1990 | :: | 168 |
| Pinker, The Language Instinct: How the Mind Creates Language, 1994 | :: | 120 |
| Plunkett, Rethinking Innateness: A Connectionist Perspective on Development, 1996 | :: | 5 |
| Pollack, On connectionist models of natural language processing, 1987 | :: | 3 |
| Pollack, The induction of dynamical recognizers, 1991 | :: | 8 |
| Rodriguez,Wiles,Elman, A recurrent network that learns to count, 1999 | :: | 1 |
| Rohde,Plaut, Simple recurrent networks and natural language: How important is starting small, 1997 | :: | 1 |
| Rumelhart,Hinton,Williams, Learning internal representations by error propagation, 1986 | :: | 18 |
| Rumelhart,McClelland, Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, 1986 | :: | 2 |
| Rumelhart,McClelland, On learning the past tenses of English verbs, 1986 | :: | 8 |
| Saunders,Pollack, The Evolution of communication schemes over continuous channels, 1996 | :: | 17 |
| Savage-Rumbaugh,Lewin, Kanzi: The Ape at the Brink of the Human Mind, 1994 | :: | 8 |
| Seidenberg, Language acquisition and use: Learning and applying probablistic constraints, 1997 | :: | 1 |
| Sejnowski,Rosenberg, NETtalk: A parallel network that learns to read aloud, 1990 | :: | 1 |
| Senghas, Children's contribution to the birth of Nicaraguan Sign Language, 1995 | :: | 5 |
| Siegelmann, Foundations of Recurrent Neural Networks, 1993 | :: | 3 |
| Steels, Emergent Adaptive Lexicons, 1996 | :: | 56 |
| Steels, The synthetic modeling of language origins, 1997 | :: | 123 |
| Steels, The origins of syntax in visually grounded robotic agents, 1998 | :: | 56 |
| Sun,Chen,Giles,Lee,Chen, Neural networks with external memory stack that learn context-free grammars from examples, 1990 | :: | 1 |
| Tino,Horne,Giles, Fixed points in two-neuron discrete time recurrent networks: Stability and bifurcation considerations, 1995 | :: | 1 |
| Tonkes,Blair,Wiles, Inductive bias in context-free language learning, 1998 | :: | 1 |
| Tonkes,Blair,Wiles, A paradox of neural encoders and decoders, or, why don't we talk backwards?, 1998 | :: | 3 |
| Tonkes,Blair,Wiles, Evolving learnable languages, 2000 | :: | 4 |
| Tonkes,Wiles, Methodological Issues in Simulating the Emergence of Language, 2002 | :: | 8 |
| Valiant, A theory of the learnable, 1984 | :: | 8 |
| van Gelder, Compositionality: A connectionist variation on a classical theme, 1990 | :: | 3 |
| van Gelder, The dynamical hypothesis in cognitive science, 1998 | :: | 3 |
| Weckerly,Elman, A PDP approach to processing centerembedded sentences, 1992 | :: | 7 |
| Werner,Dyer, Evolution of Communication in Artificial Organisms, 1992 | :: | 82 |
| Wiles,Elman, Learning to count without a counter: A case study of dynamics and activation landscapes in recurrent networks, 1995 | :: | 2 |
| Williams,Zipser, A learning algorithm for continually running fully recurrent neural networks, 1989 | :: | 4 |
| Wray, Protolanguage as a holistic system for social interaction, 1998 | :: | 36 |