| 1990 | - | The Symbol Grounding Problem - Harnad | :: | 70 |
| 2002 | - | The negotiation and acquisition of recursive grammars as a result of competition among exemplars - Batali | :: | 66 |
| 1995 | - | How to invent a lexicon: the development of shared symbols in interaction - Hutchins,Hazlehurst | :: | 53 |
| 1990 | - | Finding structure in time - Elman | :: | 49 |
| 2001 | - | The adaptive advantage of symbolic theft over sensorimotor toil: Grounding language in perceptual categories - Cangelosi,Harnad | :: | 31 |
| 2001 | - | Bootstrapping grounded symbols by minimal autonomous robots - Vogt | :: | 19 |
| 2003 | - | The emergence of communication in evolutionary robots - Marocco,Cangelosi,Nolfi | :: | 18 |
| 2005 | - | The emergence and evolution of linguistic structure: from lexical to grammatical communication systems - Steels | :: | 12 |
| 1995 | - | Self-organizing maps - Kohonen | :: | 10 |
| 2001 | - | Learning visually grounded words and syntax of natural spoken language - Roy | :: | 5 |
| 2000 | - | Evolving learnable languages - Tonkes,Blair,Wiles | :: | 4 |
| 2004 | - | RatSLAM: a hippocampal model for simultaneous localization and mapping - Milford,Wyeth,Prasser | :: | 2 |
| 2002 | - | Evolution Strategies: A comprehensive introduction - Beyer,Schwefel | :: | 1 |
| 2004 | - | Biologically inspired visual landmark processing for simultaneous localization and mapping - Prasser,Wyeth,Milford | :: | 1 |
| 2004 | - | Can language restructure cognition - Majid,Bowerman,Kita,Haun,Levinson | :: | 1 |
| 1996 | - | Language and Space - Levinson | :: | 1 |
| 1994 | - | The basic ideas in neural networks - Rumelhart,Widrow,Lehr | :: | 1 |