[1] Noam Chomsky (1981) Lectures on Government and Binding, Foris Publications, Dordrecht.

[2] See, for instance, the articles collected in Noam Chomsky (1977) Essays on Form and Interpretation, North Holland, New York.

[3] Noam Chomsky (1995) The Minimalist Program, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. See also Juan Uriagereka (1998) Rhyme and Reason, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., for an introduction to the basic concepts and empirical results of minimalism.

[4] Steven Weinberg, "The Forces of Nature", Bulletin of the American Society of Arts and Sciences, 1976, 29, 4: 28-29.

[5] Roman Jakobson (1936) "Beitrag zur allgemeinen Kasuslehre: Gesamtbedeutung der russischen Kasus, TCLP, VI, English traslation in Roman Jakobson , Russian and Slavic Grammar, Mouton, Berlin, 1984.

[6] Dianne Jonas (1996), Clause Structure and Verb Syntax in Scandinavian and English, PhD dissertation, Harvard University; Adriana Belletti & Luigi Rizzi (1988) "Psych-verbs and Theta Theory", Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 6, 291-352.

[7] Ken Hale & Samuel Jay Keyser (1993) "On Argument Structure and the Lexical Expression of Syntactic Relations", in Ken Hale and Samuel Jay Keyser, eds., The View from Building 20, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.; Luigi Rizzi (1997) "The Fine Structure of the Left Periphery", in Liliane Haegeman, ed. Elements of Grammar, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 281-337.

[8] Guglielmo Cinque (1999) Adverbs and Functional Heads - A Cross-linguistic Perspective, Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.

[9] See the discussion in Jerry Fodor, Thomas Bever, Merrill Garrett (1974) The Psychology of Language, McGraw-Hill, New York.

[10] W. V. O. Quine (1972) "Methodological Reflections on Current Linguistic Theory", in Donald Davidson & Gilbert Harman, eds., Semantics of Natural Language, Humanities Press, New York, 1972; W.V.O Quine (1986) "Reply to Gilbert H. Harman", in Edward Hahn and Paul Arthur Schilpp, eds., The Philosophy of W. V. Quine, Open Court, La Salle 1986.

[11] Dianne Jonas (op. cit.).

[12] Noam Chomsky (1998) "Minimalist Inquiries: The Framework", ms., MIT.

[13] Noam Chomsky (1964) "Current Issues in Linguistic Theory", in Jerry A. Fodor & Jerrold J. Katz, eds., The Structure of Language, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 50-118.

[14] John Robert Ross (1967) Constraints on Variables in Syntax, PhD dissertation, MIT; Emmon Bach (1971) "Questions", Linguistic Inquiry, 2, 153-167.

[15] Richard Kayne (1994) The Antisymmetry of Syntax, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. See also the discussion in Chomsky (1995) op. cit.

[16] On government and ECP see Chomsky (1981) op. cit. and much subsequent work.

[17] Marc D. Hauser (1996) The Evolution of Communication, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

[18] François Jacob (1981) Le jeu des possibles, Fayard, Paris.

[19] Editorial comments in Martin Joos, ed. (1957) Readings in Linguistics, American Council of Learned Societies, Washington.

[20] Edward Sapir (1921) Language, Harcourt Brace, New York.

[21] W. D'Arcy Thompson (1917) On Growth and Form, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

[22] Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Bildung und Umbildung organischer Naturen, 1807.

[23] See Alan Turing's classical paper "The chemical basis of morphogenesis", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1952, 37-72, and the review of the issue in Ian Stewart (1998) Life's Other Secret, John Wiley, New York.

[24] Walter J. Gehring & Kazuko Ikeo, Trends in Genetics, Sept. 1999.

[25] Jerry Fodor (2000) The Mind doesn't Work that way: Scope and Limits of Computational Psychology, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

[26] Richard C. Lewontin (1990) "The evolution of cognition", in D. Osherson, E. Smith, eds., (1990), An Invitation to Cognitive Science: Thinking, vol 3, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 229246.

[27] Philip Lieberman (1984) The Biology and Evolution of Language, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.

[28] Paul Postal (1999) Three Investigations of Extraction, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

[29] James Huang (1982) Logical Relations in Chinese and the Theory of Grammar, PhD dissertation, MIT. On parasitic gaps see Noam Chomsky (1982) Some Concepts and Consequences of the Theory of Government and Binding, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. and references cited there.

[30] Morris Halle & Kenneth N Stevens (1991) "Knowledge of Language and the Sounds of Speech", in Johan Sundberg, Lennart Nord, Rolf Carlson, eds., Music, Language, Speech and Brain, Macmillan, London, 1-19; Morris Halle (1995) "Feature Geometry and Feature Spreading", Linguistic Inquiry, 26, 1-46.